The Path to a Greener Future: Understanding Sustainable Development In an era where environmental challenges and resource depletion are becoming increasingly evident, the concept of sustainable development has gained significant importance. Sustainable development aims to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. This blog post will explore the principles, goals, and strategies of sustainable development, highlighting its critical role in ensuring a balanced and healthy future for our planet. "Transforming our world: The path to sustainable development." What is Sustainable Development? Sustainable development is a holistic approach that integrates economic growth, environmental protection, and social equity. It seeks to create a harmonious relationship between human activities and the natural world, ensuring that resources are used efficiently and responsibly. Definition: The most widely recognized de...
1. Consumer (Sec 2(1)(d)): Consumer may be a person:
a) Who buys or agrees to buy goods for consideration for personal use.
b) Who uses such goods with permission of buyer of goods.
c) Who obtains goods on hire purchase or lease.
d) Who hires or avails of any services for a consideration.
e) Who uses the services with permission of person who has hired the services.
f) Who obtains services on deferred payment basis i.e. hire purchase or lease.
g) Who buys goods or hires services exclusively for purpose of earning his livelihood as self – employment.
2. Person (Sec 2 (1)(m): “person” include:
i. A firm whether registered or not;
ii. A Hindu undivided family;
iii. A co-operative society;
iv. Every other association of persons whether registered under the Societies Registration Act, 1860 or not;
3. Goods: “Goods” means goods as defined in the sale of goods act, 1930 (3 of 1930)
4. Services Section 2 (1)(o): According to section 2 (1)(o) of the Act, “service” means:
i. Service of any description which is made available to potential users, and
ii. Includes, but not limitation, the provision of facilities in connection with banking, financing, insurance, transport, processing, supply of electrical or other energy, boarad or lodging or both, housing construction, entertainment, amusement or the purveying of news or other information, but
iii. Does not include the rendering of any service free of charge or under a contract of personal service.
5. Consumer Dispute Section 2 (1)(e): “Consumer Dispute” means a dispute where the person against whom a complaint has been made, denies or disputes the allegations contained in the complaint.
6. Unfair Trade Practices Section 2 (1)(r): “Unfair trade practices” means a trade practice which, for the purpose of promoting the sale, use or supply of any goods or for the provision of any services, adopts any unfair method or unfair or deceptive practice including any of the following practices, namely:
1. The practice of making any statement, whether orally or in writing or by visible representation which ---
i. Falsely represents that the goods are of a particular standard, quality, quantity, grade, composition, style or model;
ii. Falsely represents that the services are of a particular standard, quality or grade;
iii. Falsely represents such as old goods as new goods.
iv. Represents that the goods or services have sponsorship, approval, performance, characteristics, accessories, uses or benefits which such goods or services do not have;
v. Represents that the seller or the supplier has a sponsorship or approval or affiliation which such seller or supplier does not have;
vi. Make a false or misleading representation concerning the need for or the usefulness of, any goods or services;
2. Permits the publication of any advertisement whether in any newspaper or otherwise, for the sale or supply at a bargain price, of goods or services that are not intended to be offered for sale or supply at the bargain price or for a period that is etc.
7. Restrictive trade Practices Section 2(1) (nnn): “Restrictive trade practices” means a trade practice which tends to being about manipulation of price or its conditions of delivery or to affect flow of supplies in the market relating to goods or services in such a manner as to impose on the consumers unjustified costs or restrictions and shall include:
a) Delay beyond the period agreed to by a trader in supply of such goods or in providing the services which has led or is likely to lead to rise in the price;
b) Any trade practice which requires a consumer to buy, hire or avail of any goods or, as the case may be, services as condition precedent to buying, hiring or availing of other goods or services.
8. Defects Section 2(1)(f): “defect” means any fault, imperfection or shortcoming in the quality, quantity, potency, purity or standard which is required to be maintained by or under any law for the time being in force or under any contract, express or implied or as is claimed by the trader in any manner whatsoever in relation to any goods.
9. Deficiency Section 2(1)(g): “deficiency” means any fault, imperfection, shortcoming or inadequacy in the quality, nature and manner of performance which is required to be maintained by or under any law for the time being in force or has been undertaken to be performed by a person in pursuance of contract or otherwise in relation to any service.
a) Who buys or agrees to buy goods for consideration for personal use.
b) Who uses such goods with permission of buyer of goods.
c) Who obtains goods on hire purchase or lease.
d) Who hires or avails of any services for a consideration.
e) Who uses the services with permission of person who has hired the services.
f) Who obtains services on deferred payment basis i.e. hire purchase or lease.
g) Who buys goods or hires services exclusively for purpose of earning his livelihood as self – employment.
2. Person (Sec 2 (1)(m): “person” include:
i. A firm whether registered or not;
ii. A Hindu undivided family;
iii. A co-operative society;
iv. Every other association of persons whether registered under the Societies Registration Act, 1860 or not;
3. Goods: “Goods” means goods as defined in the sale of goods act, 1930 (3 of 1930)
4. Services Section 2 (1)(o): According to section 2 (1)(o) of the Act, “service” means:
i. Service of any description which is made available to potential users, and
ii. Includes, but not limitation, the provision of facilities in connection with banking, financing, insurance, transport, processing, supply of electrical or other energy, boarad or lodging or both, housing construction, entertainment, amusement or the purveying of news or other information, but
iii. Does not include the rendering of any service free of charge or under a contract of personal service.
5. Consumer Dispute Section 2 (1)(e): “Consumer Dispute” means a dispute where the person against whom a complaint has been made, denies or disputes the allegations contained in the complaint.
6. Unfair Trade Practices Section 2 (1)(r): “Unfair trade practices” means a trade practice which, for the purpose of promoting the sale, use or supply of any goods or for the provision of any services, adopts any unfair method or unfair or deceptive practice including any of the following practices, namely:
1. The practice of making any statement, whether orally or in writing or by visible representation which ---
i. Falsely represents that the goods are of a particular standard, quality, quantity, grade, composition, style or model;
ii. Falsely represents that the services are of a particular standard, quality or grade;
iii. Falsely represents such as old goods as new goods.
iv. Represents that the goods or services have sponsorship, approval, performance, characteristics, accessories, uses or benefits which such goods or services do not have;
v. Represents that the seller or the supplier has a sponsorship or approval or affiliation which such seller or supplier does not have;
vi. Make a false or misleading representation concerning the need for or the usefulness of, any goods or services;
2. Permits the publication of any advertisement whether in any newspaper or otherwise, for the sale or supply at a bargain price, of goods or services that are not intended to be offered for sale or supply at the bargain price or for a period that is etc.
7. Restrictive trade Practices Section 2(1) (nnn): “Restrictive trade practices” means a trade practice which tends to being about manipulation of price or its conditions of delivery or to affect flow of supplies in the market relating to goods or services in such a manner as to impose on the consumers unjustified costs or restrictions and shall include:
a) Delay beyond the period agreed to by a trader in supply of such goods or in providing the services which has led or is likely to lead to rise in the price;
b) Any trade practice which requires a consumer to buy, hire or avail of any goods or, as the case may be, services as condition precedent to buying, hiring or availing of other goods or services.
8. Defects Section 2(1)(f): “defect” means any fault, imperfection or shortcoming in the quality, quantity, potency, purity or standard which is required to be maintained by or under any law for the time being in force or under any contract, express or implied or as is claimed by the trader in any manner whatsoever in relation to any goods.
9. Deficiency Section 2(1)(g): “deficiency” means any fault, imperfection, shortcoming or inadequacy in the quality, nature and manner of performance which is required to be maintained by or under any law for the time being in force or has been undertaken to be performed by a person in pursuance of contract or otherwise in relation to any service.
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