INTRODUCTION
All economic activities are undertaken to derive
monetary benefits, of whatsoever nature, are termed as human occupations. Human
occupations or economic activities can be grouped into three broad categories;
such as profession, employment and business.
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DEFINITION OF BUSINESS
“Business is an institution organized and operated to provide goods and services to the society under the incentive of private gain.” -- B.O.Wheeler
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CHARACTERISTICS OF BUSINESS
The
broad characteristics of a business are as under:
1. Transfer
of ownership: Business
facilitates the transfer of ownership of goods from producers to consumers for
money or money’s worth.
2. Scope
of activities: Business includes
trade and aids to trade. Trade is that branch of commerce, which is concerned,
with the exchange of goods and services while aids to trade are
service-oriented.
3. Profit
motive: Profit is the
primary objective of any business activity. It is essential for the very
survival of business units.
4. Continuous
and recurring: The activities of
business enterprise are recurring in nature. One or two transactions do not
constitute a business.
5. Economic
institution: Business is an
economic institution. All business activities are guided by a desire to earn a profit.
6. Social
institution: Business cannot
ignore social needs as it is a part of society in the sense that it carried on
by the people (entrepreneurs), through the people (executives and workers) and
for the people (consumers).
7. Ethical and lawful: The purpose of business must be ethical and should be recognized by law.
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